In general, Subtraction is taking away one number from the other. If the numbers are easy we can simply subtract them in the head. However, if the numbers get trickier it gets difficult to do calculations in the head, and in such cases, you would go with the Column Method of Subtraction. You can perform with the subtraction placing the numbers easily if you are familiar with the Place Value Concept.
Do Check:
- Subtracting 1-Digit Number
- Missing Number in Subtraction
- Subtraction Word Problems – 1-Digit Numbers
How to Use Column Subtraction Without Having to Borrow?
Follow the simple steps below to perform subtraction placing the numbers without having to borrow. They are along the lines
- Place the biggest number in the top row.
- You will have the tens column and units column. Lineup tens columns directly underneath each other and do the same for the rest of the units too if they are hundreds, thousands, and so on.
Example 1:
Subtract 21 from 87?
Solution:
Align the numbers in columns. Write down the bigger number first and write the smaller number underneath. Subtract one’s column digits at first i.e. 7-1 =2, Subtract Ten’s Column Digits afterwards i.e. 8-2 = 6
Subtracted Sum is 6 tens + 6 ones = 66
Thus, the result is 66
Example 2:
Subtract 23 from 76?
Solution:
Align the numbers in columns. Write the bigger number at the top and the smaller number underneath. Then begin subtracting from the unit’s place and then proceed to the tens place and so on.
Subtracting One’s Column Digits i.e. 6-3 =3
Subtracting Ten’s Column Digits i.e. 7-2=5
Subtracted Sum = 5 tens + 3 ones
Therefore, the result is 53.
How to Use Column Subtraction with Borrow?
Go through the simple steps to subtract sums involving the borrow. Have a glance at the examples listed below to understand the concept. If at all the digits in any of the units place in the top number is smaller we use the borrow concept and then perform subtraction.
Example 1.
Subtract 44 from 122?
Solution:
Firstly, align the numbers in columns according to their place values i.e. units, tens, hundreds, and so on. Write down the bigger number at the top and then write the smaller number
Subtracting One’s Column Digits: Since 2 is smaller than 4 we will borrow one ten from the tens thus it becomes 12. So, 12-4 =8
Subtracting Ten’s Column Digits: We gave 1 borrow from the Tens Column to One’s Column so one ten will be left. As 1 is less than 4 we will get 1 borrow from the hundreds columns making it 11. i.e. 11-4 =7
We gave 1 borrow in Hundreds Column to Tens Column thus it becomes 0.
Thus, 122-44 becomes 78.
Example 2.
Subtract 34 from 110?
Solution:
Align the numbers in Columns at first. Write down the bigger number at the top and underneath it write the smaller number.
Subtracting One’s Column Digits: As 0 is less than 4 we will take borrow from the tens column i.e. 1 ten thus it becomes 10 i.e. 10-4 = 6
Subtracting Ten’s Column Digits we have as follows
Since we gave 1 ten to one’s column it becomes 0 now. As 0<3 we will take one borrow from hundreds columns making it 10. i.e. 10-3 = 7
Subtracted Sum = 7 tens + 6 ones
Therefore, the result is 76.